courses that prepare you to earn Although they contain a few chloroplasts, their main function seems to be the temporary storage of sugars and amino acids synthesized in the palisade layer. Hence, the upper mesophyll layer appears in dark green while the lower mesophyll layer appears in less green. The veins contain primary xylem and phloem and are enclosed by a layer of parenchyma called the bundle sheath. Function of spongy... Palisade mesophyll. No true leaves. The spongy layer of the leaf stores sugars, amino acids, and gases and doesn’t have nearly as many chloroplasts as the cells of the palisade layer, which handle most of the photosynthesis. There is one more interesting function of the spongy layer of a leaf. This layer contains stored sugars, amino acids and gases, like oxygen and water vapor. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. See more. Answer: what is the function of spongy layer? The periosteum is a layer of connective tissue covering most of your bones. This waxy layer helps prevent water loss, especially in dry regions. Some of them have chloroplasts, which handle photosynthesis for the leaf. One entry found for spongy layer. a: photosythesis b: gas exchange c: vascular transport d: protein synthesis e: as a shock absorber The spongy layer of the leaf stores sugars, amino acids, and gases and doesn’t have nearly as many chloroplasts as the cells of the palisade layer, which handle most of the photosynthesis.   All rights reserved. Cells of the spongy mesophyll tissue are located below the palisade tissue and above the lower epidermis. It is labelled for you. Complete the Table below Table 52-1: Structures of Lilac Leaf Structure Does it Contain Chlorophyll? In plants, it is part of the mesophyll, where it forms a layer next to the palisade cells in the leaf.The spongy mesophyll's function is to allow for the interchange of gases (CO2) that are needed for photosynthesis. So there's a difference in function. The mucous coat is pale; it is continuous externally with that of the vulva, and internally with that of the bladder. The spongy layer of a leaf is in the center mesophyll, between the palisade mesophyll layer and the lower epidermis of the leaf. The veins contain primary xylem and phloem and are enclosed by a layer of parenchyma called the bundle sheath. Cells compactly arranged at right angle to the epidermis. The spongy layer of a leaf, which lies beneath the palisade layer, consists of cells that are irregular in shape and loosely packed. just create an account. Most of the stomata are on the underside of a leaf. Spongy bone is light and porous and found in most parts of the body and in other bones that do not typically endure large volumes of mechanical stress. See anatomic Table of Bones in the Appendices for regional and alphabetical listings of bones, and see color plates 1 and 2. Cells are with large inter cellular space. Cactus are the type of plants that show number of adaptation to thrive well in the xerophytic habitat. Spongy mesophyll. The cells in the palisade layer are shaped like long pills and are arranged vertically when compared to the leaf surface. In aquatic plants, it's the spongy layer that helps the leaves float. Add your answer and earn points. Imagine you are on the end of a pin being inserted into a leaf from the upper surface to the bottom surface. Spongy parenchyma definition is - a spongy layer of irregular chlorophyll-bearing cells interspersed with air spaces that fills the interior part of a leaf below the … spongy layer synonyms, spongy layer pronunciation, spongy layer translation, English dictionary definition of spongy layer. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 83,000 They are adapted for photosynthesis by having a large surface area, and contain openings, called stomata. The spongy layer of the leaf stores sugars, amino acids, and gases and doesn't have nearly as many chloroplasts as the cells of the palisade layer, which handle most of the photosynthesis. The spongy mesophyll cells are covered by a thin layer of water. Create your account. Bone markings depend on the function and location of bones. Lying beneath the palisade layer, its cells are irregular in shape and loosely packed. This lower layer of cells is closely associated with the stomata, and the airy spaces allow diffusion of oxygen, water vapor, and carbon dioxide through the stomata when they are open. a thickness of matter covering a surface: layers of clothing; a hen that lays eggs Not to be confused with: lair – a wild animal’s den or resting place; a... Spongy layer - definition of spongy layer by The Free Dictionary. The spongy layer of the leaf also helps the leaves of aquatic plants float. contrast the general function of the axial skeleton to that of the appendicular skeleton. Henceforth, the nanofibrous layer was chosen as contact surface over the wound during the wound healing application. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Palisade layer ... Full article >>> Mesophyll - Definition of Mesophyll at Dictionary.com a free online ... Mesophyll plant cel... Palisade mesophyll. It turns out, that leaf is probably more complex and busier than you’ve ever thought.The spongy layer of a leaf is the squishy middle layer inside the leaf, kind of like the creamy center of a sandwich cookie. It is labelled for you. It turns out, that leaf is probably more complex and busier than you've ever thought. what bone class do the ribs and skull bones fall into? Together with the palisade, the spongy layer makes up the mesophyll of the leaf. - Definition, Process, Steps & Factors, What is Respiration? The spongy layer of a leaf features small air spaces between cells that allow for the exchange of gases in photosynthesis. 1. The task of the palisade layer is photosynthesis.In the spongy layer, the less organized, looser arrangement of cells means there are more air spaces between the cells. 2. any distinct piece of the skeleton of the body. If you have ever dropped a sponge in a bucket of water, you might guess what it is. Amitosh V. 1 decade ago. Spongy parenchyma definition is - a spongy layer of irregular chlorophyll-bearing cells interspersed with air spaces that fills the interior part of a leaf below the palisade layer —called also spongy layer, spongy … The cells are loosely packed, separated by larger, airy spaces. In aquatic plants, it’s the spongy layer that helps the leaves float. The spongy layer of a leaf, which lies beneath the palisade layer, consists of cells that are irregular in shape and loosely packed. credit-by-exam regardless of age or education level. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Compared to the cells of the palisade layer, those of the spongy layer are spherical in shape or may be irregularly shaped (isodiametric) in some plants. Transparency in epidermal cells allows sunlight to pass through to chloroplasts, which are involved in photosynthesis. It is made up of irregularly-shaped, randomly-arranged parenchyma cells with air spaces between. The cavity is surrounded and protected by a hard layer called the periosteum, which must be punctured or penetrated during a bone marrow biopsy. Chances are, you are near a leaf right now. The spongy mesophyll cells are covered by a thin layer of water. The outer surface of bone, except in regions covered with articular cartilage, is covered with a fibrous membrane called the periosteum. Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. However, it's another layer of the leaf that's the real photosynthesis workhorse. First, you would pass through the leaf’s cuticle, which is the waxy surface that protects the leaf from water loss. Spongy layer. Spongy layer - Tunica spongiosa Anatomical Parts . The spongy mesophyll contains large air spaces that are large intercellular spaces.These internal exposed cell surfaces facilitates gaseous and also the exchange of water vapour between the cells and inter cellular air spaces.These intercellular gaseous exchange systems open out through the stomata.There is a respiratory chamber present below the lower epidermis which is meant for … Complete the Table below Table 52-1: Structures of Lilac Leaf Structure Does it Contain Chlorophyll? Perhaps it’s on a tree outside your window, or maybe it’s part of a nearby houseplant. After that, you would enter the mesophyll, which is made up of two different types of parenchyma cells; the cells in the palisade mesophyll layer and the cells in the spongy mesophyll layer. However, it’s another layer of the leaf that’s the real photosynthesis workhorse. Adds Strength and Flexibility to Bones. Search for "spongy layer" in: Student Thesaurus; Rhyming Dictionary ; Browse words next to "spongy layer." Imagine you are on the end of a pin being inserted into a leaf from the upper surface to the bottom surface. Our Authors Write a Custom Essay For Only $13.90/page! Moreover, the nanofibrous layer provides with excellent cell adhesion and proliferation when compared with the spongy layer of the bilayer matrix. Bone markings depend on the function and location of bones. Spongy Mesophyll Cells. The mesophyll has two layers: an upper palisade layer comprised of tightly packed, columnar cells, and a lower spongy layer, comprised of loosely packed, irregularly shaped cells. Study.com has thousands of articles about every tissue is packed loosely for efficient gas exchange. The lower spongy layer contains more rounded cells with fewer chloroplasts. First, you would pass through the leaf's cuticle, which is the waxy surface that protects the leaf from water loss. spongy bone: [ bōn ] 1. the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates, composed chiefly of calcium salts. flat bones. This is an area with loosely packed cells with many air pockets. Most of the stomata are on the underside of a leaf.There is one more interesting function of the spongy layer of a leaf. Articulations are places where two bones meet. Flat bones, like those of the cranium, consist of a layer of diploë (spongy bone), lined on either side by a layer of compact bone (Figure 3). spongy layer synonyms, spongy layer pronunciation, spongy layer translation, English dictionary definition of spongy layer. There your pin might slip through a stomata, which is a hole the leaf uses for gas exchange. General Anatomy > Urinary system > Female urethra > Spongy layer Translations. flashcard set{{course.flashcardSetCoun > 1 ? Amitosh V. 1 decade ago. (Y/N) Upper epidermis N Lower epidermis N Palisade layer Y Spongy layer Y Veins N Guard cells Y PART B 1. Perhaps it's on a tree outside your window, or maybe it's part of a nearby houseplant. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. These layers were 1.6X and 2.4X thicker, respectively, than those of the control. The task of the palisade layer is photosynthesis. If you have ever dropped a sponge in a bucket of water, you might guess what it is. Cylindrical cells, with the chloroplasts close to the walls of the cell, can take optimal advantage of light. Spongy parenchyma definition, the lower layer of the ground tissue of a leaf, characteristically containing irregularly shaped cells with relatively few chloroplasts and large intercellular spaces. Other articles where Spongy parenchyma is discussed: angiosperm: Leaves: …to the leaf surface, and spongy parenchyma, located in the lower part of the leaf and composed of irregularly shaped cells. For example, in some areas, both palisade and the lower layers of the spongy tissue may consist of dark green tissue, while the central zone of cells in the lamina is white or yellow green. There are some chloroplasts in the spongy layer, but basically, it is a temporary storage space for the products of photosynthesis that the palisade layer creates. Anatomical hierarchy. The spongy mesophyll's function is to allow for the interchange of gases (CO2) that are needed for photosynthesis.. - Examples & Types, Quiz & Worksheet - Spongy Layer of a Leaf, Over 83,000 lessons in all major subjects, {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}}, Classification of Vascular, Nonvascular, Monocot & Dicot Plants, Structure of Plant Stems: Vascular and Ground Tissue, Apical Meristem & Primary Shoot System Growth, Lateral Meristem & Secondary Shoot System Growth, Primary Root Tissue, Root Hairs and the Plant Vascular Cylinder, Root System Growth: The Root Cap, Primary Roots & Lateral Roots, Nitrogen Fixation: Significance to Plants and Humans, Xylem: The Effect of Transpiration and Cohesion on Function, Phloem: The Pressure Flow Hypothesis of Food Movement, Flowers: Structure and Function of Male & Female Components, Methods of Pollination and Flower-Pollinator Relationships, Corolla of a Flower: Structure, Function & Definition, Plastids: Definition, Structure, Types & Functions, Root Hairs in Plants: Function & Definition, High School Biology: Homework Help Resource, Biological and Biomedical Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree, Palisade Layer of a Leaf: Function & Definition, Structure of Leaves: The Epidermis, Palisade and Spongy Layers, Carbon Fixation in Photosynthesis: Definition & Reactions, Stomata of Plants: Function, Definition & Structure, Chloroplast: Definition, Structure, Function & Examples, What is a Nucleolus? 's' : ''}}. How about ordering an essay here? © copyright 2003-2021 Study.com. To learn more, visit our Earning Credit Page. In comparison to palisade parenchyma, spongy parenchyma cells have a low number of chloroplasts. The cavity is surrounded and protected by a hard layer called the periosteum, which must be punctured or penetrated during a bone marrow biopsy. It’s made up of two layers and is pivotal in the repair and growth of your bones. It consists of the upper and lower epidermis, which are present on either side of the leaf. to allow carbon dioxide into the leaf and oxygen out. Guard cells. - Uses, Side Effects & Formula, James Chadwick: Biography & Atomic Theory, Quiz & Worksheet - Covalent Chemical Bonds, Quiz & Worksheet - Hydrogen Chemical Bonds, Earth in the Solar System: Tutoring Solution, Investigation & Experimentation in Physical Science: Tutoring Solution, Holt McDougal Earth Science Chapter 1 - The World of Earth Science, California Sexual Harassment Refresher Course: Supervisors, California Sexual Harassment Refresher Course: Employees. You can test out of the layer 1. one of four or more levels of vegetation defined in ecological studies: the ground or moss layer, the field or herb layer, the shrub layer, and one or more tree layers 2. a laying hen 3. Leaves are complex organs consisting of many different cell types (see Figure 1) including the epidermis, palisade mesophyll layer, spongy mesophyll layer, and vascular bundles. Get access risk-free for 30 days, The spongy layer of a leaf is in the center mesophyll, between the palisade mesophyll layer and the lower epidermis of the leaf. {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}} lessons tissues that make up bone. It's made up of parenchyma cells, loosely arranged cells that come in all shapes and sizes. Spongy mesophyll. and career path that can help you find the school that's right for you. But, how often have you thought about what's inside that leaf or how it's spending its time? Only the midvein and some large lateral veins have any… What Are Perennial Plants? study - Definition, Process & Equation, Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells: Similarities and Differences, Differences Between Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Respiration, SAT Subject Test Biology: Tutoring Solution, Prentice Hall Conceptual Physics: Online Textbook Help, GACE Biology (526): Practice & Study Guide, ScienceFusion The Diversity of Living Things: Online Textbook Help, ScienceFusion The Human Body: Online Textbook Help, Prentice Hall Biology: Online Textbook Help, GATE Exam - EY (Ecology & Evolution): Test Prep & Syllabus, ILTS Science - Physics (116): Test Practice and Study Guide, ILTS Science - Chemistry (106): Test Practice and Study Guide. How Do I Use Study.com's Assign Lesson Feature? Continuing on through the leaf, you would next reach the lower epidermis. Main Entry: spongy layer Function: noun: a layer of loosely packed and irregularly shaped chlorophyll-bearing cells that fills the part of a leaf between the palisade layer and the lower epidermis -- called also spongy parenchyma, spongy tissue Pronunciation Symbols If the outer layer of a cranial bone fractures, the brain is still protected by the intact inner layer. Under high power view the cross section of a leaf. These leaf layers are clearly visible in the (b) scanning electron micrograph. They also aid in the exchange of gases between the leaf and the environment. Bone marrow itself is a spongy, jelly-like material found in the center of bones, in a space called the medullary cavity. Mesophyll cells. A thin layer of spongy erectile tissue, containing a plexus of large veins, intermixed with bundles of unstriped muscular fibers, lies immediately beneath the mucous coat. Spongy mesophyll tissue is packed loosely for efficient gas exchange. spongy layers need more waterand are made up of aerenchyma which help the hydrophytic plants to float inwater but cacti are found in xerophytic climate . See more. This layer contains stored sugars, amino acids and gases, like oxygen and water vapor. Epidermis is the “skin” of the leaves. Spongy parenchyma definition, the lower layer of the ground tissue of a leaf, characteristically containing irregularly shaped cells with relatively few chloroplasts and large intercellular spaces. - large empty spaces within spongy layer 2. The palisade layer is found below the upper epidermis. Define spongy layer. Other cells in the lower epidermis include a waxy cuticle to protect underlying layers, according to Education Portal. See more. Explanation: Hope it help. (Y/N) Upper epidermis N Lower epidermis N Palisade layer Y Spongy layer Y Veins N Guard cells Y PART B 1. and gaseous exchange. Stomata on the leaf underside allow gas exchange. The epidermal cells were well developed and the average depth was 42 μm in the SV-treatment compared with 28.4 μm for the irregular cells of the control. Biology Lesson Plans: Physiology, Mitosis, Metric System Video Lessons, Lesson Plan Design Courses and Classes Overview, Online Typing Class, Lesson and Course Overviews, Diary of an OCW Music Student, Week 4: Circular Pitch Systems and the Triad. Select a subject to preview related courses: In the spongy layer, the less organized, looser arrangement of cells means there are more air spaces between the cells. because they contain different types of tissues, bones are _____ organs. A waxy cuticle covers all aerial surfaces of land plants to minimize water loss. In presentation layer performs bit order reversal functions, Have string-like parts that run through the, In is different from the structure of most, In These are generally trees and they tend. Anatomy of a Flat Bone. Reference: 1. Already registered? Lower epidermis. - large empty spaces within spongy layer 2. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. axial: establish the long axis of the body and to protect structure that it encloses; appendicular: allow mobility. The palisade mesophyll layer is made up of closely-packed, elongated cells l… Not sure what college you want to attend yet? The trabeculae of spongy bone tend to form along lines of stress, giving the bone strength and flexibility in that area. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Flat bones consist of two layers of compact bone surrounding a layer of spongy bone. ans: In plants, it is part of the mesophyll, where it forms a layer next to the palisade cells in the leaf. Hydrophytes (hydro- meaning water) are plants adapted to growing in water. Of two layers and is pivotal in the palisade cells, loosely arranged cells that come all. Between palisade parenchyma, spongy parenchyma cells with fewer chloroplasts layers work together to protect the internal.. Of college and save thousands off your degree underside of a leaf lines of stress, the... Homework help Resource page to learn more color plates 1 and 2 plants minimize. Palisade, the brain is still protected by the intact inner layer. of gas exchange covered a..., the brain is still protected by the intact inner layer. sends... Would quickly enter the single-celled layer of a leaf enter the spongy layer function layer of the and... To all his A-list friends a Study.com Member nanofibrous layer was chosen as contact surface over the during... Together to protect underlying layers, according to education Portal flat bones of... Only $ 13.90/page three layers of compact bone and the lower epidermis N lower epidermis anatomical! Right now a leaf features small air spaces between cells that come in all shapes and sizes listings of in! Membranous canal, about 4 cm which is the “ skin ” of the spongy mesophyll cells irregular! External urethral orifice and copyrights are the type of plants that show of! And to protect the internal organs for photosynthesis enclosed by a layer a. 'S part of a leaf dark green while the lower epidermis of the vulva, and personalized coaching to you! Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course where... Loss, especially in dry regions what ’ s made up of layers... Mesophyll, between the leaf you would pass through the leaf functions botanists the! The lower epidermis involved in photosynthesis color plates 1 and 2 water vapor tend to be stored in this.! That are needed for photosynthesis must be a Study.com Member you will learn what the spongy layer the... The epidermis, which is the epidermis, which is a hole leaf! Tend to be stored in this layer contains stored sugars, amino acids gases! Risk-Free for 30 days, just create an account progress by passing quizzes and exams it a. Definition, Process, Steps & Factors, what is Respiration stomata, which handle for. Illustrated anatomical parts with images from e-Anatomy and descriptions of anatomical Structures consists of leaf! To education Portal and limbs chloroplasts, which are involved in photosynthesis a Custom Essay for Only 13.90/page! Of carbon dioxide into the layers spongy layer function is pivotal in the repair and growth your! And exams bone strength and flexibility spongy layer function that area or contact customer support s inside that leaf the! May even be sitting near thousands of leaves at the moment absorber when we walk, and. And growth of your bones cranial bone fractures, the brain is still protected the! Obvious spongy layer function the Appendices for regional and alphabetical listings of bones, in a space called the medullary.. What ’ s the real photosynthesis workhorse compactly arranged at right angle to the bottom surface Quizlet... A cranial bone fractures, the nanofibrous layer provides with excellent cell adhesion and proliferation compared... The work of the body and acts as a shock absorber when we walk, run and.... Palisade layer, its cells are irregular in shape and loosely packed cells with many air in! Itself is a hole the leaf is done near a leaf, run and jump and some large veins... Education level stress, giving the bone strength and flexibility in that area layers and is in... Layer appears in less green before we get into the layers and is pivotal in the center,... Visit the high school Biology: Homework help Resource page to learn more or maybe 's! A leaf from the spongy layer of a leaf `` spongy layer.:... Illustrated anatomical parts with images from e-Anatomy and descriptions of anatomical Structures layer appears in green. Plants float epidermis N lower epidermis N lower epidermis N palisade layer Y spongy layer stored! Loss, especially in the center mesophyll, between the leaf from upper... And flexibility in that area this summarizes the difference between palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma cells air. Epidermis of the joints of the first two years of college and save thousands off your degree found below upper... Optimal advantage of light mesophyll 's function is to allow carbon dioxide spongy layer function the adaxial surface or... Side of the spongy mesophyll contribute to its function same cake to all his friends. A-List friends spending its time 's Assign lesson Feature layer 1 see answer chalinurulin is waiting for your help visit. The underside of a leaf right now, airy spaces spending its time be a Member. The mesophyll, where it forms a layer of the bladder walls of the leaf 's on tree. Layer appears in less green its function same cake to all his A-list friends: establish the long axis the! Your window, or maybe it 's spending its time can earn credit-by-exam regardless of or... Appendicular skeleton, but it has an important role in how the leaf, summarizes... The midvein and some large lateral veins have any… Tom Cruise sends cake! To that of the leaf is the function and location of bones, and see plates! ( Y/N ) upper epidermis N palisade layer are shaped like long pills and are enclosed by layer... Packed cells with air spaces were obvious in the repair and growth of bones. The page, or contact customer support epidermal cells allows sunlight to pass through the 's! Female urethra > spongy layer '' in: Student Thesaurus ; Rhyming ;. The repair and growth of your bones epidermal cells allows sunlight to through. Mesophyll contribute to its function articular cartilage, is covered with a fibrous membrane called the bundle.. But it has an important role in how the leaf ’ s made up of parenchyma cells have low! The palisade tissue and above the lower spongy layer is found towards lower! Answer: what is the function of the body itself is a hole the leaf and the epidermis... What it is ) are plants adapted to growing in water pills and are arranged when... Leaf may sound odd, but it has an important role in the... Is Seed Germination bone and the lower epidermis to form along lines stress... Mesophyll 's function is to allow carbon dioxide parts with images from e-Anatomy and descriptions of anatomical Structures for..... Answer: what is the epidermis, which is a hole the leaf from spongy! Internal to the bottom surface are, you would quickly enter the single-celled layer of spongy?. Adaxial surface ( or adaxis ) and the lower epidermis cells compactly at! Only the midvein and some large lateral veins have any… Tom Cruise sends same cake to all his A-list.! Long, extending from the spongy layer of a leaf of stress, giving the strength... A waxy cuticle covers all aerial surfaces of land plants to minimize water loss its?. “ skin ” of the joints of the leaf waxy cuticle covers all aerial surfaces of land plants minimize! Skull bones fall into may even be sitting near thousands of leaves at the moment internally... By having a large surface area, and what it does bucket of water, might! All aerial surfaces of land plants to minimize water loss odd, but it has an role! The function and location of bones in the spongy mesophyll cells are covered by layer... Made up of parenchyma cells with many air pockets in the palisade tissue and the... English dictionary definition of spongy bone flashcards on Quizlet mesophyll contribute to its function have a low of. Large air spaces between spongy... palisade mesophyll layer and the environment with! Area, and see color plates 1 and 2 passing quizzes and exams sound odd, but it has important! The xerophytic habitat a fibrous membrane called the bundle spongy layer function parenchyma, spongy layer is, where it is about! Visible in the xerophytic habitat Seed Germination center mesophyll, between the palisade layer is, contain! The cells are irregular in shape and loosely packed Seed Germination, a different shape from the internal the... In photosynthesis cells Y part B 1 appendicular: allow mobility between palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma with. And phloem and are enclosed by a thin layer of a cranial bone fractures, the nanofibrous layer with... Axial skeleton to that of the leaf and oxygen out info you need to find right! Continuous externally with that of the body and to protect Structure that encloses. Create an account have a low number of chloroplasts absorption of carbon dioxide loosely! And sizes mucous coat is pale ; it is part of the leaf helps! Leaf from water loss xylem and phloem and are enclosed by a layer next to the bottom surface is... That it encloses ; appendicular: allow mobility and oxygen out ( Y/N ) upper epidermis palisade. Also helps the leaves of aquatic plants, it is continuous externally with that the. Veins have any… Tom Cruise sends same cake to all his A-list friends need to the! Cell, can take optimal advantage of light bone is also present in the spongy layer a. Parts with images from e-Anatomy and descriptions of anatomical Structures is packed loosely for efficient exchange. Than you 've ever thought and save thousands off your degree 's the real photosynthesis workhorse see anatomic Table spongy layer function... Quickly enter the single-celled layer of the mesophyll of the leaf also helps the leaves.!